Oldest Churches in the World

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Stavrovouni Monastery (327-329)The Stavrovouni Monastery is perched precariously at the top of Stavrovouni, the ‘Mountai...
18/01/2025

Stavrovouni Monastery (327-329)

The Stavrovouni Monastery is perched precariously at the top of Stavrovouni, the ‘Mountain of the Cross’. Built sometime between 327 and 329, this ancient monastery is believed to be the oldest on the island of Cyprus.

The main reason pilgrims make the steep journey up to this mountain monastery is because of the piece of the Holy Cross preserved within solid silver inside the church. It was supposedly brought back by St. Helena – the mother of Emperor Constantine – after her travels to Jerusalem.

While women are not permitted to enter the monastery, the trip is worth it for the views of the Mesaoria plain alone, stretching towards the Mediterranean in the distance. While male visitors explore the monastery with its bell tower and arched cloisters, female visitors can visit the smaller Church of the All Saints just outside.

St. Peter’s Basilica (333)Located within a city-state within a city revered for its churches and religious buildings, St...
18/01/2025

St. Peter’s Basilica (333)

Located within a city-state within a city revered for its churches and religious buildings, St. Peter’s Basilica in the Vatican City is by far the most impressive. Dating back to 333 albeit rebuilt in the 16th-century, it’s the largest – and one of the oldest – basilicas in Rome and believed to have been built over the tomb of St. Peter.

Highlights include the central balcony, known as the Loggia della Benedizione, where the Pope speaks to the public on special occasions, and the impressive façade with its 13 statues, including St. John the Baptist and Christ the Redeemer. Within the walls of the enormous church, there are some extraordinary works of art – most notably Michelangelo’s riveting Renaissance sculpture, Pieta (meaning ‘Pity’) that represents the Madonna mourning the loss of the son she holds in her lap – a sculpture worth hundreds of millions.

Santa Maria in Trastevere (340)While the oldest parts of the church date back to the 3rd-century, additional features we...
15/01/2025

Santa Maria in Trastevere (340)

While the oldest parts of the church date back to the 3rd-century, additional features were added in the 12th-century. These include the Romanesque bell tower, a series of interior mosaics, and a beautiful golden façade. The portico was added in the 18th-century.

There are many captivating highlights tempting historians and pilgrims from all over the world to this Roman church. Indubitably, the 12th-century mosaics are the pinnacle – a series of six spectacular mosaics by Pietro Cavallini that document the life of the Virgin Mary.

Monastery of Saint Anthony (356)The Monastery of Saint Anthony dates back to the 4th-century. It had humble beginnings a...
15/01/2025

Monastery of Saint Anthony (356)

The Monastery of Saint Anthony dates back to the 4th-century. It had humble beginnings as an informal gathering of the followers of Saint Anthony – the first Christian monk – who gathered in a small cave at the foot of Gebel Al Galala Al Qibliya in Egypt’s Eastern Desert. Slowly, the compound expanded to include five historic churches, a bakery, library, and garden oasis within fortified walls.

Today, the monastery is home to over 100 monks, who have chosen a life of meditation and prayer in the isolation of the desert. They live in cells inside the complex and still practise the traditions set out by the original followers of Saint Anthony thousands of years ago.

Several of the original churches have been restored. The Monastery of St Anthony is the oldest building, and the main reason for visiting this remote part of the globe. Built over the saint’s tomb, it’s home to a collection of age-old medieval Coptic wall paintings.

Mor Gabriel Monastery (397)Dating back to 397, the Mor Gabriel Monastery is the oldest functioning Syriac Orthodox monas...
15/01/2025

Mor Gabriel Monastery (397)

Dating back to 397, the Mor Gabriel Monastery is the oldest functioning Syriac Orthodox monastery left on Earth. Perched on the Tur Abdin plateau amongst rolling orchards and olive groves in south-eastern Turkey, this Christian church and the fortress-like compound has long served as a place of refuge.

The monastery, also known as Deyrulumur, has provided a home and sacred space for thousands of Coptic monks and at one stage even had its own diocese. In the 14th-century it was invaded by Timur Mongols, and in the 1990s, hundreds of monks were discovered buried in caves beneath the building.

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