09/08/2017
The Four Frame Approach is a concept developed by Lee Bolman and Terrence Deal, and was first published in their 1991 book, "Reframing Organizations". The model is a set of four frames, or perspectives, that we can use to analyze a situation in the workplace.
The four frames are:
The Structural Frame:
The Structural Frame focuses on the existing structure of an organization or hierarchy. This frame assumes that the organization exists to achieve established goals, that specialization and division of labor enhances productivity, and that the chain of command should function in an efficient way to meet objectives. Control and coordination is important with this frame.When leaders use the structural frame, they focus on goals, implementation and control to push their teams. They hold themselves and their teams accountable, and they make rational decisions for the good of the team and organization, instead of focusing on personal preferences.
The Human Resource Frame:
The Human Resource Frame focuses on the organization's people. It assumes that the organization will succeed if it meets the needs of everyone who works there.
When leaders use the Human Resource Frame, they focus on employee needs, morale, individuality, and motivation. They try to create a work environment that's caring, that's full of trust and where people communicate openly. Team members have access to training and skill development, and they create a culture of empowerment and possibility.
The Political Frame.
The Political Frame is all about power. It assumes that decisions and change don't happen unless key stakeholders and interest groups are engaged in the decision making process. Here, conflict can be common, as people jockey for position in the organization.
When leaders use the Political Frame, they focus on negotiation to secure key resources, and to win people's support for their projects. They also recognize that there are very real differences between the needs of individuals, and the needs of groups (for example, departments and teams.) Here, it's important to understand where the power lies in an organization, and to learn how to use it effectively.
The Symbolic Frame
The Symbolic Frame focuses on vision and inspiration. With this frame, what happens in an organization isn't as important as what it means to the workforce and customers.When leaders use the Symbolic Frame, they recognize the importance of meaning and satisfaction to people, and they help their teams create meaning from confusion, especially during turbulent times. They also use rituals, symbols, roles, and shared values to create bonds, and to help others understand events and celebrate milestones.
