09/10/2024
The highest official bank exchange rate for USD to ETB is capped at plus or minus 121 Br per USD, but with additional fees, such as card transaction charges ranging from 2% to 6%, the effective rate can be even lower. Meanwhile, the parallel market rate is nearing 140 Br per USD, creating a significant gap between the official rate and the parallel market. The demand for foreign currency through the parallel market is increasing, largely because banks are struggling to provide foreign currency on demand
Example of a $100,000 Exchange:
Official Bank Rate (121 Br):
$100,000 × 121 Br = 12,100,000 Br.
Parallel Market Rate (140 Br):
$100,000 × 140 Br = 14,000,000 Br.
Using official channels could result in a loss of 1.9 million Br compared to the parallel market, not including card fees.
Example of a $10,000 Exchange:
Official Bank Rate (121 Br):
$10,000 × 121 Br = 1,210,000 Br.
Parallel Market Rate (140 Br):
$10,000 × 140 Br = 1,400,000 Br.
Exchanging $10,000 through official rates could mean losing 190,000 Br compared to the parallel market.
Growing Demand for the Parallel Market:
As banks increasingly fail to provide foreign currency on demand, the reliance on the parallel market continues to grow. Many individuals and businesses are forced to seek foreign exchange in the parallel market because of the limited availability of foreign currency in official channels
Can Ethiopia Survive Solely on Remittances?
While remittances play a crucial role in supporting Ethiopia’s foreign currency needs, relying on them alone is not sustainable. The IMF loans and other international aid may deplete, putting Ethiopia in a precarious situation if it fails to generate foreign exchange through other means, such as exports and tourism
Why Isn't the Government Focusing on Exports and Tourism?
Despite the importance of remittances, Ethiopia must shift its focus toward production and exports to build a more sustainable economic future. The country’s untapped tourism sector i