19/01/2023
The largest and most powerful aircraft in the world
The An-225 "Mriya" aircraft is the largest and most powerful Soviet transport aircraft in the world, created by the Kyiv Antonov Design Bureau.
An-225 with a maximum payload of 640,000 kg is the heaviest aircraft in the world. For comparison, the third largest cargo capacity (after An-124) American military transport aircraft C-5 Galaxy has a maximum equipped weight of 381 thousand kg.
It is so large that the distance covered by the Wright brothers' plane on its first flight can fit in the cargo compartment of the "Dream". It is also the world's largest aircraft to have flown more than once; although its wingspan is smaller than that of the American Hughes H-4 "Spruce Goose", the H-4 made only one short low-altitude test flight. Both the An-124 and the An-225 are larger than the C-5 Galaxy, the largest aircraft in the US.
In November 2004, the International Aeronautics Federation entered the An-225 into the Guinness Book of Records for its 240 records.
Usage history
The prototype made its maiden flight on December 21, 1988, and in March 1989, 106 world and class records were set in a single flight with a maximum take-off weight of over 500,000 kg (1,100,000 lb).
On May 13, 1989, An-225 transported PKL "Buran" from the city of Zhukovsky to Baikonur. A month later, this combination of an airplane and a space shuttle was demonstrated at the Paris Air Show. In September 1990, the An-225 "Dream" appeared at an air show in Farnborough, England, and in 1991 again in Le Bourget. In August 1993, at the MAKS-93 air show in Zhukovsky, the An-225 "Mriya" "performed" already with the Ukrainian flag on the tail and the aircraft number UR-82060.
Currently, there is only one An-225 aircraft in operation. It provides commercial services for the transportation of heavy and non-standard cargo up to 250,000 kilograms. The construction of the second An-225 was practically completed in the late 1980s, according to the Soviet space program. With the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1990 and the closure of the "Energy-Buran" program, the only functioning An-225 was placed in a hangar, its engines were dismantled for use on An-124 aircraft. The second An-225, close to completion, was also preserved and placed in a hangar. As of 2010, work on the second copy is not underway, but the need for its completion is gradually brewing. Glider designs are constantly being revised and their service life is being extended. In case of completion of the product ser. No. 01-02, its operational and economic characteristics will be slightly better than the first copy of ser. No. 01-01. this is due to the fact that the mass of the structure will be reduced due to modern constructive solutions — the use of new technologies and materials.
In the late 1980s, the Soviet government was looking for ways to profit from the achievements of its military industry. In 1989, ANTK Antonova created a holding company for the provision of heavy cargo transportation services called "Antonova Airlines", which was located in Kyiv and operated from Stansted Airport near London in cooperation with the Air Foyle HeavyLift company. The company started with a fleet of four An-124-100s and three An-12s, but in the late 1990s it became apparent that there was a need for an aircraft larger than the An-124. Considering this need, the mothballed An-225 was reconstructed, modified for the transportation of heavy cargo and returned to service under the leadership of Antonov Airlines.
On May 26, 2001, the An-225 received a type certificate from the Aviation Register of the Interstate Aviation Committee. Mriya made its first commercial flight on January 31, 2002 from Stuttgart to the Kingdom of Oman with a 187.5-ton cargo of food for the US military stationed in the country. Since then, the An-225 has become a "workhorse" along with Ruslan in the aircraft fleet of Antonov Airlines due to the ability to transport objects that previously could not be transported by air, such as locomotives and 150-ton generators. The ability to quickly transport large-sized cargo, which is needed by victims of natural disasters, has provided the aircraft with a reputation as a valuable helper for humanitarian organizations.
Since July 2003, An-225, together with An-124 aircraft, has shipped more than 800 tons of equipment for humanitarian missions in Iraq. The An-225 was also engaged by the US government to transport military supplies to the Middle East to support coalition forces.
Developments are underway to use the aircraft to launch space vehicles. The most interesting project today is the joint Russian-Ukrainian aerospace system BAKS. It is a two-stage air launch complex, consisting of an An-225 carrier aircraft, on which an orbital aircraft or a cargo container is installed. This would reduce the cost of putting cargo into orbit by about 12 times.
In August 2009, "Mriya" was entered into the Guinness Book of Records for transporting the largest single cargo in the history of aviation with a total weight of 187.6 tons. It was a generator weighing 174 tons, transported with a special frame from Frankfurt, Germany to Yerevan, for the new Armenian power plant. The crew of the plane received a certificate indicating that the ship's record was entered in the "Guinness Book of Records".
On June 10, 2010, by order of one of the leading freight forwarding and logistics companies, GEODIS WILSON A/S, the longest cargo in the history of air transportation was transported by a Ukrainian aircraft An-225 — two blades of a windmill, each 42.1 m long, from China (Shijiazhuang airport) to Denmark (Voyens/Skridstrup airport).
On March 25, 2011, the Antonov Airlines An-225 aircraft delivered to Japan humanitarian cargo, generators and equipment with a total weight of 140 tons for victims of earthquakes and tsunamis, on the order of the French government.
In October 2012, the plane delivered to Dushanbe the equipment for the Nuretsk hydroelectric power station, manufactured in Kharkov, OJSC "Corporation TURBOATOM". The cargo with a total weight of 125 tons consisted of a turbine wheel weighing 57 tons, a turbine cover of 36 tons, and related equipment. Only An−225 could deliver such cargo to its destination in one flight.
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