04/11/2021
ეგვიპტის ქართველი მმართველი - მურად ბეი
Murad Bey (1750-1801) Georgian governor of Egypt
Murad Bey was a Georgian living in Tbilisi who was kidnapped by the Turks as a boy and sold as a slave to the Egyptian Mamluks. He not only redeemed himself from slavery at the cost of great effort, but also achieved the title of Bey and then became the ruler of all Egypt.
Murad Bey seized power in Egypt in a confrontation with his predecessor, Ali Bey. In Brozola near Salahiyya, he supported the commander of the Syrian troops, Abu Zahab, who had left the old patron. The army of the previously invincible Ali Bey, whether or not it set foot in the desert that separates Gaza from Egypt, ran into the Salahiyya with a thousand chosen Mamluks, commanded by the young Murad Bey. The secretly ambushed detachment is in the ranks of the enemy with a fierce attack. Did Ali-Bey Murad-Bey notice that he had wounded him in the head with one flex of his sword and turned to Abu-z-Ahab.
Murad-Bay's behavior is said to have been largely due to his love for women. He fell in love with Ali Bey's beautiful Georgian wife and Abu Z. Ahab promised that if he handed me over to Ali Bey, I would give him the right to marry that woman. The woman's name was Siteh-Nephiseh, who is admired by the European historians of Napoleon's expedition: . "
The wounded Ali Bey died on the third day, while Bey Ibrahim, along with Bey, headed for Egypt. This rule lasted for 20 years. They ruled the country quite strictly, there were very strict methods in collecting taxes. People were literally harassed and terrorized. The subordinates of Murad Bey inflicted great losses on European traders and because of this they almost caused a diplomatic scandal between the French and the Ottoman Empire. Therefore, the Sultan of Turkey was forced to intervene and in 1786 the local Georgian Hasan-Pasha with his army expelled the Georgians here from Murad Bey and Ibrahim Bey in Upper Egypt.
The French insisted on protecting the interests of foreign partners from the Egyptians, and on July 1, 1798, Napoleon Bonaparte sent 400 warships to the port of Alexandria, Egypt, with 33,000 well-equipped French soldiers. Mamluk Egypt was not sufficiently prepared against such a force, commanded by such a leader. However, throughout 1798-99, Murad Bey led the Mamluks fighting against the French, although after a great battle with the Pyramids, where Napoleon managed to defeat the United Mamluk army in the open field, Murad Bey fled to Upper Egypt with his comrades. He gathered forces there and unleashed a guerrilla war against the French throughout Egypt. During this period Murad Bey endured many wars and battles. One of the French documents informs us that after a brilliant victory in the battle of Desi, 46 Frenchmen of Murad Bay were captured: 3 lieutenants, 2 captains, 4 lieutenants, 4 surgeons, 19 low-ranking Chinese military personnel. 4 commissars and 8 lakhs.
From 1800 to 1801, Murad Bey tried to find common ground with Bonaparte's generals, Pleber and Maine, but in 1801, Murad was killed by the Black Death. His beautiful Georgian wife, Nefisehi, was dressed in black and her husband Akldama was buried in a small carafe in the cemetery, but her husband did not move her. He was buried in southern Egypt, near one of the mosques in Sohaji. His grave is lost today. At the burial of Murad Bey, on the day of the funeral of their leader, the Mamluks smashed their armor and erected a pyramid-shaped monument to the Mamluks from their wreckage. They said, "From now on we are not worthy to carry these swords."
Murad's portrait is described as modern: he was of medium body, with blond hair and a pointed nose, with a sword blade on his face. About him Napoleon Bonaparte said: "Ganges rewarded him with majesty, excellent courage and foresight, with his mental vision he conquered the battlefield with such art that every great knight would be jealous to see it ..."
Burien noted: "Bonaparte attached great importance to the destruction of Murad Bay. Because he was considered the bravest, most active and most feared enemy in all of Egypt. Gifted and harvested to Marshall MacDonald shortly before departure for Elba.
Between Ibrahim and Murad Beys, 12 to 16 of the ruling Beys of different regions of Egypt were Georgians.
