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༄᭄ᵃᴸᴱˣ, Purok 18, Manticao (2026)

27/09/2024

SABBATH SCHOOL LESSON
THE RISEN LORD

MEMORY TEXT: Mark 16:6, NKJV
“But he said to them, ‘Do not be alarmed. You seek Jesus of Nazareth, who was crucified. He is risen! He is not here. See the place where they laid Him’ ”

A .) Mark 16:1-8. The resurrection of Jesus:
 Chronology and memorial.
— Jesus had announced that, after his death, he would rise again on the third day (Mark 10:34). Jesus died on the day called “the preparation” (that is, the day before the Sabbath) and was resurrected on the first day of the week, after the Sabbath (Mark 15:42; 16:1-2).
— The Jews called the days of the week first (Sunday), second (Monday),…, preparation (Friday) and Saturday. Furthermore, they had an inclusive method of counting [a part of the day was counted as the whole day]. In this way, Friday was the 1st day of Jesus' death; Saturday the 2nd day ; and Sunday the 3rd day .
— Beginning in the 2nd century, Christians began to honor the first day of the week as the day of the Lord's resurrection. Gradually, they made it a day that replaced Saturday as a day of worship.
— But in the New Testament there is no reference to the day of resurrection as a day of worship. Paul makes it clear that the memorial of death and resurrection (its symbolic meaning) is baptism (Col. 2:12; Rom. 6:4).
 A real fact.
— How can we be sure that Jesus' resurrection was a real event?
(1) Many witnesses saw Jesus resurrected (1Co. 15:3-8)
(2) The priests had to bribe the soldiers who witnessed the resurrection (Mt. 28:11-15)
(3) The people who experienced the events were willing to die defending the reality of the resurrection ( Acts 7:56-60)
(4) Saul, a staunch enemy of Christians, saw the resurrected Jesus and his life changed radically ( Acts 9:1-6)
(5) The very existence of the Christian church attests to the reality of the resurrection.
 Bearers of good news.
— The first to see the empty tomb were some women who came to embalm Jesus' body (Mark 16:1-4).
— After assuring them that Jesus had risen, the angel who had remained at the tomb commissioned them to announce the event “to his disciples and to Peter” (Mark 16:7).
— With the excitement of the events, they returned scared, without commenting anything to anyone (Mark 16:8). On the way, Jesus himself appeared before them and encouraged them to speak without fear of his resurrection (Mt. 28:8-10).
— The life, death and resurrection of Jesus are not events that should be silenced.

B .) Mark 16:9-20. Witnesses of the resurrection:
 The first witnesses.
— By uniting the four gospels, we can get an idea of what happened that Sunday:
(1) An angel causes an earthquake and opens the tomb (Mt. 28:2)
(2) The guards remain as dead (Mt. 28:4)
(3) Mary Magdalene goes to the tomb from Bethany (Jn. 20:1)
(4) Other women come from Jerusalem and talk to the angels (Luke 24:1-5)
(5) The women return to Jerusalem (Mark 16:8)
(6) At Mary's announcement, Peter and John run to the tomb (Jn. 20:2-3)
(7) Jesus appears to Mary Magdalene (Mark 16:9)
(8) Jesus appears to the rest of the women (Mt. 28:9)
(9) The disciples do not believe (Mark 16:11)
(10) Soldiers are bribed (Mt. 28:11-13)
(11) Jesus appears to Peter ( Luke 24:34)
(12) Jesus travels to Emmaus ( Luke 24:13-15)
(13) The disciples of Emmaus go to the upper room (Mark 16:12-13)
(14) Jesus appears in the upper room (Mark 16:14)
— The resurrection of Jesus was real. If the story were fictional, would the authors have highlighted the faith of the women and the disbelief of the disciples?
 A story to spread.
— Jesus commissioned his followers to go into all the world to preach (Mark 16:15). Why is this extremely important?
— Acceptance or rejection of the gospel is a matter of eternal life or death (Mark 16:16). We cannot allow anyone to die in ignorance. We must tell them about the Savior.
— A special power accompanies the preachers of the gospel (Mark 16:17-18). However, sometimes God allows the seed of the gospel to be planted with the blood and suffering of the messengers ( Acts 7:58).
— One thing we must be clear about: Jesus does not ask us to do this work alone. He promises his presence and power (Mt. 28:18-20). Just as He helped the first disciples, He will help us to finish the work (Mark 16:20).

20/09/2024

SABBATH SCHOOL LESSON
GIHUSAY UG GILANSANG
MEMORY TEXT: Marcos 15:34
“Ug sa ikasiyam nga takna si Jesus misinggit sa makusog nga tingog, nga nagaingon, ‘Eloi, Eloi, lama sabactani?’ nga sa ato pa, ‘Dios ko, Dios ko, nganong gibiyaan mo ako?’ ”
A .) Usa ka Pilot nagpahayag kang Jesus nga “Hari sa mga Judio.” Marcos 15:1-15.
  Si Poncio Pilato mao ang Romanong opisyal nga kinahanglang motugot sa kamatayon ni Jesus. Ang tanan nahibalo sa iyang kabangis ug pagkadili-matarong (Lucas 13:1). Apan, siya sa publiko miila: “Wala akoy nakitang sala kaniya” (Jn. 18:38). Ang plano sa Sanhedrin daw gitakdang mapakyas.
  Ilang nakita si Jesus nga sad-an sa pagpasipala tungod sa pagpahayag sa iyang kaugalingon nga Mesiyas (Marcos 14:61–64). Tungod kay ang Mesiyas gitakda nga mahimong Hari sa Israel, mao kana ang sumbong nga ilang gipresentar sa atubangan ni Pilato.
  Si Jesus wala molimud o modawat sa akusasyon, apan iyang giklaro ngadto kang Pilato nga siya wala magtinguha sa pagmando sa yutan-ong gingharian (Marcos 15:2; Juan 18:33-37).
  Gigamit ni Pilato kini nga akusasyon sa pagbiaybiay sa Hudiyong mga lider: “Gusto ba ninyo nga patyon ko ang inyong hari?” Apan, siya mitugyan sa ilang atubangan pinaagi sa pagsilot kang Jesus ug sa pagpalingkawas sa usa ka tinuod nga mamumuhat ug daotan (Marcos 15:8-15).).
B .) Ang mga sundalo mihapa atubangan sa “Hari sa mga Hudiyo.” Marcos 15:16-20.
  Sa wala pa ilansang sa krus, ang mga binilanggo gihuboan ug gipailalom sa mapintas nga pagbunal. Gikulata sa sundalo hangtod nga gikapoy siya.
  Sa pagkahibalo sa akusasyon batok kang Jesus, ang mga sundalo mihukom sa paghimo og usa ka parody aron sa pagbiaybiay kaniya. Ilang gibutangan siya og “purongpurong” kaniya, gibutangan siya og “harianong kupo” kaniya, gihatagan siya ug “setro,” gipalingkod siya sa usa ka “trono,” ug “nagyukbo” kaniya nga daw siya si Cesar (Marcos 15:17). -19). ; Mat. 27:28-29).
  Para nila usa kini ka dula. Usa ka mapintas nga dula. Bisan tuod wala sila makakitag hari diha kang Jesus, ang uban miila kaniya ingong Anak sa Diyos. Sa walay pagkahibalo niini, sila naghatag ug pasidungog sa ilang tinuod nga Hari.
C .) Ang panon sa katawhan nagtawag kang Jesus nga “Hari sa Israel.” Marcos 15:21-32.
  Kay gikapoy tungod sa pagpuasa ug paghampak, si Jesus dili makahimo sa pagpas-an sa iyang kaugalingong krus. Ang usa ka maloloy-on nga langyaw napugos sa pagdala niini sa iyang dapit (Marcos 15:21).
  Sama sa usa ka karnero nga gidala ngadto sa ihawan, si Jesus, sa walay bisan unsa nga reklamo, mitugot sa iyang kaugalingon nga dad-on ngadto sa Kalbaryo; ila siyang huboon; ilang gibutang siya sa krus; Ilansang nila ang ilang mga kamot ug tiil; ug ilang ituboy siya sa kahitas-an.
  Isip usa ka buhat sa kaluoy, gitanyagan siya sa usa ka sundalo og tambal nga makapalubog sa iyang hunahuna. Apan gisalikway ni Jesus kini nga lihok. Dili niya tugotan ang bisan unsa nga makapugong kaniya sa tinuyo ug boluntaryong pagtugyan sa buhat sa pagtubos (Marcos 15:23).
  Sa makausa pa, biktima siya sa pagbiaybiay. Sama sa mga sundalo, ang mga Hudiyo sa kataw-anan miila kang Jesus ingong ang Mesiyas. Ilang gidawat nga Siya makahimo sa pagluwas (Marcos 15:31), ug daw andam nga mosalig Kaniya kon Siya moluwas sa Iyang kaugalingon (Marcos 15:32).).
  Apan, kon si Jesus maluwas, sila ug kita pagahukman sa silot (Marcos 15:30).).
D .) Ang centurion mipahayag kang Jesus nga “Anak sa Dios.” Marcos 15:33-41.
 Si Jesus gilansang sa krus sa alas 9 sa buntag. Sa mga alas 12 sa udto mingitngit ang yuta. Sa alas 3 sa hapon, namatay si Jesus. Apan, sa wala pa siya mamatay, si Jesus mituaw sa iyang Amahan pinaagi sa mga pulong sa Salmo 22 (Marcos 15:33-34).
 Diyutay ra ang nakaamgo kon giunsa pagtuman ni Jesus kining mesiyanikong salmo hangtod sa letra. Ang kadaghanan mihukom sa sayop nga paghubad sa iyang mga pulong, nga naglibog sa Aramaic nga "Eloi" uban sa pagtawag kang Elias (Marcos 15:35).).
E .) Si Jose nga taga-Arimatea nangayo sa lawas ni Jesus. Marcos 15:42-47.
 Giklaro sa mga ebanghelista nga si Hesus namatay gayod sa krus. Dili kadto usa ka pagkaluya o usa ka catalepsy. Ang mga Romano nahibalo kon unsaon pag-ila ang usa ka tawo nga gilansang sa krus nga dayag nga patay na gikan sa usa nga tinuod nga patay (Marcos 15:44-45). Ingon og dili pa igo, ang mga Judio mismo nag-aghat sa usa ka sundalo sa pagdunggab sa ilang kasingkasing pinaagi sa bangkaw (Jn. 19:33-34).
 Human sa kamatayon, usa ka adunahan, impluwensyal nga tawo ug respetado nga miyembro sa Sanhedrin nagpakita sa eksena: si Jose nga taga-Arimatea (Marcos 15:43). Iyang gibuhat alang kang Jesus ang dili mahimo sa iyang mga tinun-an: iyang gipangayo kang Pilato ang lawas; mipalit ug bag-ong shroud; ug mihalad sa iyang kaugalingong lubnganan aron kapuy-an sa lawas ni Jesus (Marcos 15:46).
 Daghang mga babaye (Si Mateo ug Marcos naghisgot lamang ug duha) ang mga nakasaksi sa paglubong (Marcos 15:46-47; Lucas 23:55). Sila usab ang unang mga saksi sa iyang pagkabanhaw (Marcos 16:1-2).

20/09/2024

SABBATH SCHOOL LESSON
TRIED AND CRUCIFIED

MEMORY TEXT: Mark 15:34, NKJV
“And at the ninth hour Jesus cried out with a loud voice, saying, ‘Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani?’ which is translated, ‘My God, My God, why have You forsaken Me?’ ”
A .) Pilate declares Jesus “King of the Jews.” Mark 15:1-15.
 Pontius Pilate was the Roman official who had to authorize the death of Jesus. Everyone knew of his cruelty and unscrupulousness ( Luke 13:1). However, he publicly acknowledged: “I find no crime in him” (Jn. 18:38). The Sanhedrin's plan seemed doomed to failure.
 They had found Jesus guilty of blasphemy for declaring himself the Messiah (Mark 14:61-64). Since the Messiah was destined to be the King of Israel, that was the accusation they presented before Pilate.
 Jesus neither denied nor accepted the accusation, but he made it clear to Pilate that he did not aspire to rule an earthly kingdom (Mark 15:2; John 18:33-37).
 Pilate used this accusation to mock the Jewish leaders: “Do you want me to kill your king?” However, he capitulated before them by punishing Jesus and freeing a real evildoer (Mark 15:8-15).
B .) The soldiers prostrate themselves before the “King of the Jews.” Mark 15:16-20.
 Before being crucified, the prisoners were stripped naked and subjected to a cruel flogging. The soldier beat until he was tired.
 Knowing the accusation against Jesus, the soldiers decided to carry out a parody to ridicule him. They placed a “crown” on him, put a “royal mantle” on him, gave him a “scepter,” sat him on a “throne,” and made “obeisances” to him as if he were Caesar (Mark 15:17-19). ; Mt. 27:28-29).
 For them it was a game. A cruel game. Although they could not see a king in Jesus, some ended up recognizing him as the Son of God. Without knowing it, they were paying tribute to their true King.
C .) The crowd calls Jesus “King of Israel.” Mark 15:21-32.
 Exhausted by fasting and scourging, Jesus was unable to carry his own cross. A compassionate foreigner was forced to carry it in his place (Mark 15:21).
 Like a lamb being led to the slaughterhouse, Jesus, without any complaint, allowed himself to be led to Calvary; they would undress him; they placed him on the cross; They will nail their hands and feet; and they would lift him up high.
 As an act of mercy, a soldier offered him a drug to cloud his mind. But Jesus rejected this gesture. He would not let anything prevent him from consciously and voluntarily surrendering to the redemptive act (Mark 15:23).
 Once again, he was the victim of ridicule. Like the soldiers, the Jews ironically recognized Jesus as the Messiah. They accepted that He was able to save (Mark 15:31), and seemed willing to believe in Him if He saved Himself (Mark 15:32).
 But, if Jesus was saved, both they and we would be condemned (Mark 15:30).
D .) The centurion declares Jesus “Son of God.” Mark 15:33-41.
 Jesus was crucified at 9 in the morning. Around 12 noon darkness came over the land. At 3 p.m., Jesus died. But, shortly before he died, Jesus cried out to his Father with the words of Psalm 22 (Mark 15:33-34).
 Few realized how Jesus fulfilled this messianic psalm to the letter. The majority decided to misinterpret his words, confusing the Aramaic “ Eloi ” with a call to Elijah (Mark 15:35).
E .) Joseph of Arimathea asks for the body of Jesus. Mark 15:42-47.
 The evangelists make it clear that Jesus really died on the cross. It wasn't a faint or a catalepsy. The Romans knew how to differentiate a crucified person who was apparently dead from one who was really dead (Mark 15:44-45). As if that were not enough, the Jews themselves incited a soldier to pierce their heart with a spear (Jn. 19:33-34).
 After death, a rich, influential man and respected member of the Sanhedrin appears on the scene: Joseph of Arimathea (Mark 15:43). He did for Jesus what his disciples were incapable of doing: he asked Pilate for the body; bought a new shroud; and offered his own tomb to house the body of Jesus (Mark 15:46).
 Several women (Matthew and Mark only mention two) were eyewitnesses to the burial (Mark 15:46-47; Luke 23:55). They would also be the first witnesses of his resurrection (Mark 16:1-2).

13/09/2024

SABBATH SCHOOL LESSON

“TAKEN AND TRIED”

MEMORY TEXT: Mark 14:36, NKJV
“And He said, ‘Abba, Father, all things are possible for you. Take this cup from Me; Nevertheless, not what I will, but what You will’ ”

A .) Judas' actions:
 Betrayal. Mark 14:1-11.
— Mark presents the betrayal of Jesus as a new “sandwich” story:
(1) Mark 14:1-2. They are looking for a way to arrest Jesus
(2) Mark 14:3-9. The perfume spilled
(3) Mark 14:10-11. Judas betrays Jesus
— Two days before Easter, the priests and scribes decide to act now to kill Jesus. Before presenting Judas as the traitor, Mark presents the trigger that led him to carry out this action: his greed (the story of the spilled perfume, which occurred several days before, according to John 12:1-3).
— In Mark, the contrast between Mary and Judas is striking:
B .) Jesus' actions:
 The new covenant. Mark 14:22-31.
— That year, Passover began at sundown on Thursday and ended at sundown on Friday, when the Jews ate the Passover lamb sacrificed during the day.
— Late on Thursday night, Jesus met with the twelve in the upper room. At that time, he instituted a new covenant: the body and blood of the Lamb of God, represented in the bread and wine (Mark 14:22-25).
— The new covenant, like the old, was to be ratified with blood (Ex. 24:8; Heb. 9:22; Mark 14:24).
— After singing the hymn and leaving the room, Jesus made three amazing prophecies:
(1) He announced the flight of his disciples (Mark 14:26-27; Zech. 13:7)
(2) He announced his resurrection (Mark 14:28)
(3) He announced the triple denial of Peter (Mark 14:29-31)
 The cup of suffering. Mark 14:32-42.
— Arriving at Gethsemane, Jesus left eight apostles at the entrance, while he entered the garden with the other three apostles (Mark 14:32-33).
— He earnestly asked these three to watch with him, to encourage him in these distressing moments (Mark 14:34). If they had obeyed this command, they would have been prepared to remain faithful and not give in to temptation, as Peter did (Mark 14:37-38).
— For his part, Jesus asked his Father in his anguish to deliver him from the suffering that lay before him (Mark 14:35-36).
— God's answer was: “NO”. For the love of his Son, He could have freed him. But, out of love for us, he allowed Jesus to suffer and die, to give us salvation (John 3:16).

C .) The actions of friends and enemies:
 The friends flee. Mark 14:43-52.
— Hiding his betrayal behind a kiss, Judas betrayed Jesus (Mark 14:43-45).
— From that moment on, events unfold quickly:
(1) The mob arrests Jesus (v. 46)
(2) Peter defends Jesus and hurts a servant (v. 47)
(3) Jesus criticizes the way in which he is arrested (v. 48-49)
(4) The apostles abandon Jesus (v. 50)
(5) A young man (probably Mark himself) is almost arrested (v. 51-52)
 Judgment and denial. Mark 14:53-72.
— We now find Mark's last “sandwich” story:
(1) Mark 14:54. Peter approaches Jesus
(2) Mark 14:55-65. Jesus is judged
(3) Mark 14:66-72. Peter denies Jesus
— Not even with false witnesses were the priests and scribes able to find a clear accusation against Jesus (Mark 14:55-59).
— Faced with Jesus' silence, Caiaphas pressured him to declare whether or not he was the Messiah (Mark 14:61). The one who asks us to confess him before men could not fail to testify at that moment: “I am” (Mark 14:62; Luke 12:8).
— The wrath of everyone present fell on Jesus (Mark 14:65). As they mockingly asked him to prophesy, Jesus saw how his prophecy was being fulfilled at that moment (Luke 22:61). Without knowing it, Peter was a demonstration that Jesus was indeed the Messiah.
— For his part, Pedro was living his own trial. But, unlike his Master, he denied his sonship (Mark 14:66-72).

06/09/2024

SABBATH SCHOOL LESSON
THE LAST DAYS
MEMORY TEXT: Mark 13:26, 27, NKJV
“Then they will see the Son of Man coming in the clouds with great power and glory. And then He will send His angels, and gather His elect from the four winds, from the farthest part of earth to the farthest part of heaven”

A .) The destruction of the Temple:
 A spark of hope. Mark 12:41-44.
— Jesus was watching large and small sums being deposited into the offering chests when he was impressed by a widow's small offering (Mark 12:41-42).
— Unlike the rich bidders, this widow did not want to be praised. He only wanted to contribute to God's work with the little she had (Mark 12:43-44). She did not care about the corruption prevailing among the priests. Her offering was for God, not for men.
— Jesus was soon going to announce the destruction of the temple because of Israel's corruption and wickedness. But in the midst of the prevailing evil, this widow represented the sincere worshipers who still recognized the sanctity of the Temple as the House where God desired to be worshiped.
 Disaster preparation. Mark 13:1-13.
— Climbing the Mount of Olives, a disciple drew Jesus' attention to Herod's magnificent temple (Mark 13:1). His response left everyone stunned (Mark 13:2).
— When asked by the fishermen brothers (Mark 13:3-4), Jesus divided his response into these three phases:
(1) The importance of preaching the gospel and its consequences (v. 5-13)
(2) The signs of the destruction of the temple (v. 14-23)
(3) The signs of the end of the world (v. 24-37)
— In the first phase, Jesus indicated that false Christs would soon arise (and continue to arise) presenting a falsified gospel (Mark 13:5-6). These will generate turbulence, but it is not the end yet (Mark 13:7-8).
— Before the destruction of the Temple, the gospel was preached throughout the known world. And until Jesus comes, we must be prepared to present our faith clearly, regardless of the consequences (Mark 13:9-13; 1Pet. 3:15).
 The destroying hand. Mark 13:14-18.
— Jesus linked the destruction of the Temple with the prophecies of Daniel (Dan. 9:27; 11:31; 12:11). The 70-week prophecy presents a “prince” [Rome] who would destroy the city and the temple after the death of the Messiah. This is the “desolator” who filled Jerusalem with “abominations” (Dan. 9:26-27).
— Luke makes it clear that the “abomination of desolation” refers to Jerusalem surrounded by Roman armies (Lk. 21:20). This occurred in 66 AC when Cestius Gallus attempted to take Jerusalem. Their unexpected retreat allowed the Christians to abandon the city and save their lives (Mark 13:15-18).
— A year later, Nero sent Vespasian to quell the rebellion, and he left Titus to continue the siege, until the total destruction of the city in the year 70.

B .) The Coming of the Son of Man:
 The great tribulation. Mark 13:19-23.
— After explaining the destruction of the Temple, Jesus begins to talk about what would happen between that event and His Second Coming: a time of extreme tribulation (Mark 13:19).
— This tribulation is against “the elect”, that is, those who remain faithful to Jesus (Mark 13:20). The tribulation period involves the persecution of the faithful people by the religious power that dominated the Middle Ages.
— During that period, many paid with their lives for their desire to read the Bible, and to be loyal to its teachings. Daniel 7:25 and other passages tell us that the persecution would last 1,260 years (between 538 and 1798).
— Before 1798, after the Reformation, persecution subsided in some parts of Europe. Many had to flee their countries to take refuge in Germany or Switzerland, in order to escape persecution.
 The Second Coming of Jesus. Mark 13:24-37.
— As the end of the tribulation approached, the signs announced by Jesus began to be fulfilled (Mark 13:24-25):
(1) Darkening of the sun and the moon (05/19/1780)
(2) Starfall (11/13/1833)
(3) Commotion of the heavens. Future event, also announced in Rev. 6:14
— Afterwards, Jesus will appear in a visible, powerful and glorious way; the dead in Christ will rise again; and the living faithful will be transformed (Mk. 13:26-27; 1Thes. 4:16-17).
— When will this great event happen? Jesus tells us that when we see the signs, we will know that it is coming (Mark 13:28-29).
— In conclusion, Jesus assured that the events concerning the destruction of the Temple would be contemplated by that same generation (Mark 13:30-31).
— But, regarding his Second Coming, he warns us that no one knows the moment. Our part is to watch (Mark 13:32-37).

30/08/2024

SABBATH SCHOOL LESSON
JERUSALEM CONTROVERSIES
MEMORY TEXT: Mark 11:25, NKJV
“And whenever you stand praying, if you have anything against anyone, forgive him, that your Father in heaven may also forgive you your trespasses”

A .) First day in Jerusalem:
 Triumphant entrance. Mark 11:1-11.
— Jesus knew that there was a c**t in Bethphage that he could use. He knew how to answer its owners so his disciples could take it away (Mark 11:1-7). He knew that by imitating Solomon at his coronation, he was fulfilling Zechariah's messianic prophecy (1 Kings 1:33-34; Zech. 9:9).
— It is evident that Jesus planned his exaltation. He wanted the people to recognize him as their king (Mark 11:8-10). However, it did not precipitate events. Upon entering Jerusalem, he slipped through the crowd unnoticed, and silently entered the temple (Mark 11:11).
— The Roman soldiers did not have to intervene. There was no attempt at rebellion. The Jewish leaders, filled with fear, breathed a sigh of relief when Jesus quietly left the Temple to return to Bethany.
— But the spark was lit. Now Israel had to decide whether to accept Jesus or reject him.
B .) Second day in Jerusalem:
 Curse and purification. Mark 11:12-26.
— Marcos presents us with his fourth “sandwich story”:
(1) Mark 11:12-14. Jesus curses the fig tree
(2) Mark 11:15-19. Jesus purifies the Temple
(3) Mark 11:20-26. Teachings from the dried fig tree
— In the central part of the sandwich, Mark shows us God's purpose for his people. The story surrounding it [the fig tree] shows us how Israel acted:
(1) The Temple [God's purpose]:
(a) He offered salvation for all (Mark 11:17a)
(b) But he was corrupt (Mark 11:17b)
(c) It was restored by Jesus (Mark 11:15-16)
(2) The fig tree [Israel's performance]:
(a) Its leaves attracted (Mark 11:13a)
(b) But it was not good for food (Mark 11:13b)
(c) It was rejected by Jesus (Mark 11:20)
— The plan of salvation is carried out through the Church. If the Church fails, God restores it. But those who corrupt the message of salvation and do not repent will be rejected.
C .) Third day in Jerusalem:
 The authority of Jesus. Mark 11:27-12:12.
— No one dared to rebuke Jesus when he expelled the merchants from the Temple court. However, the next day they decided to publicly discredit him by asking him about his authority (Mark 11:27-28).
— But Jesus also knew how to ask (Mark 11:29-30). Now the ball was in his court. Whether they accepted or rejected John's authority, they were to do the same with Jesus (Mark 11:31-33).
— As the debate ended in a tie, Jesus went on to counterattack. Isaiah compared Israel to a vineyard from which God “expected judgment, and behold, vileness; righteousness, and here is a cry” (Isaiah 5:1-7). Jesus used the same figure to portray the attitude of the leaders (Mark 12:1-11). They saw themselves reflected in the parable, but were not willing to rectify their behavior (Mark 12:12).
 Malicious questions. Mark 12:13-27.
— In order to trap Jesus, the Pharisees and Herodians joined together. They were even willing to praise him, and make an apparent public recognition of his status as a teacher (Mark 12:13-14a).
— The question was clearly malicious (Mark 12:14b). Admitting that they had to pay tribute meant being condemned by the people. To admit that they should not pay taxes was to be condemned by Rome.
— But not only was he freed from all condemnation, but he clarified the true relationship between state and church: “Render to Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and to God the things that are God's” (Mark 12:15-17).
— It was the turn of the Sadducees to make Jesus look ridiculous. They used a parable that they commonly used to ridicule the Pharisees (Mark 12:18-23). Jesus revealed the two errors they were making (Mark 12:24-27):
(1) “you are ignorant of the Scriptures.” Contrary to what his parable implied, the Bible teaches that our resurrected bodies will not be the same as the ones we now have [“they will be like the angels”]; and that life after the resurrection will not be a mere continuation of it [“neither shall they marry nor be given in marriage”].
(2) “you are ignorant…of the power of God.” God can give life to the dead. Therefore, before Him all who accept Him are alive [“God is not God of the dead, but God of the living”].

 A sincere question. Mark 12:28-34.
— Now it is a scribe who enters the controversy. But, unlike the previous ones, this one sees in Jesus a true teacher with whom it is worth dialoging (Mark 12:28).
— Jesus answers his question about the most important commandment, and adds a “plus”: the second most important commandment (Mark 12:29-31).
— Excited by the conversation, the scribe summarizes Jesus' response, and adds his own conclusion: “loving […] is more than all burnt offerings and sacrifices” (Mark 12:32-33).
— Jesus recognizes the man's sincerity, and invites him to take the step: you are close... you just need to accept me as your Savior (Mark 12:34a).
— If they kept asking him, in the end Jesus would manage to convert even the scribes and Pharisees. Just in case, they stopped instigating him (Mark 12:34b).

30/08/2024

SABBATH SCHOOL LESSON
MGA KONTROBERSIYA SA JERUSALEM
MEMORY TEXT: Marcos 11:25 , NKJV
“Ug sa diha nga kamo motindog sa pag-ampo, kon kamo adunay bisan unsa batok kang bisan kinsa, pasayloa siya, aron ang inyong Amahan sa langit mopasaylo usab kaninyo sa inyong mga kalapasan”

A .) Unang adlaw sa Jerusalem:
 Madaogong entrada. Marcos 11:1-11.
— Nahibaluan ni Jesus nga may isa ka a**o sa Betfage nga magamit niya. Siya nahibalo kon unsaon pagtubag sa mga tag-iya niini aron ang iyang mga tinun-an makakuha niini (Marcos 11:1–7). Siya nahibalo nga pinaagi sa pagsundog kang Solomon sa iyang koronasyon, iyang gituman ang mesiyanikong tagna ni Zacarias (1 Hari 1:33–34; Zac. 9:9).
— Dayag nga giplano ni Jesus ang iyang pagbayaw. Gusto niya nga ang mga tawo moila kaniya isip ilang hari (Marcos 11:8–10). Bisan pa, wala kini hinungdan sa mga panghitabo. Sa pagsulod sa Jerusalem, siya milusot sa panon sa katawhan nga wala mamatikdi, ug sa hilom misulod sa templo (Marcos 11:11).
— Ang Romanong mga sundalo dili kinahanglang mangilabot. Walay pagsulay sa pagrebelde. Ang mga pangulo sa mga Judio, nga napuno sa kahadlok, nakaginhawa sa kahupayan sa dihang si Jesus hilom nga mibiya sa Templo aron mobalik sa Betania.
— Apan ang aligato misiga. Karon ang Israel kinahanglang magdesisyon kon dawaton ba niya si Jesus o isalikway siya.
B .) Ikaduhang adlaw sa Jerusalem:
 Tunglo ug pagputli. Marcos 11:12-26.
— Gipresentar ni Marcos kanato ang iyang ikaupat nga “sandwich story”:
(1) Marcos 11:12-14 . Gitunglo ni Jesus ang kahoyng igera
(2) Marcos 11:15-19 . Giputli ni Jesus ang Templo
(3) Marcos 11:20-26 . Mga pagtulon-an gikan sa uga nga kahoyng igos
— Sa tunga nga bahin sang sandwich, ginpakita sa aton ni Marcos ang katuyuan sang Dios para sa iya katawhan. Ang istorya sa palibot niini [ang kahoy nga igos] nagpakita kanato kon sa unsang paagi milihok ang Israel:
(1) Ang Templo [katuyoan sa Diyos]:
(a) (Siya mitanyag ug kaluwasan alang sa tanan (Marcos 11:17a)
(b) Apan siya dunot (Marcos 11:17b)
(c) Kini gipahiuli ni Jesus (Marcos 11:15-16)
(2) Ang kahoy nga igos [ang pasundayag sa Israel]:
(a) Ang mga dahon niini nadani (Marcos 11:13a)
(b) Apan kini dili maayo alang sa pagkaon (Marcos 11:13b)
(c) (Kini gisalikway ni Jesus (Marcos 11:20)
— Ang plano sa kaluwasan gihimo pinaagi sa Simbahan. Kung mapakyas ang Simbahan, ipahiuli kini sa Dios. Apan kadtong modaot sa mensahe sa kaluwasan ug dili maghinulsol isalikway.
C .) Ikatulong adlaw sa Jerusalem:
 Ang awtoridad ni Jesus. Marcos 11:27–12:12.
— Walay nangahas sa pagbadlong kang Jesus sa dihang iyang gipapahawa ang mga magpapatigayon gikan sa hawanan sa Templo. Apan, sa sunod nga adlaw sila nakahukom sa pagdaut kaniya sa publiko pinaagi sa pagpangutana kaniya mahitungod sa iyang awtoridad (Marcos 11:27-28).
— Apan si Jesus nahibalo usab kon unsaon pagpangutana ( Marcos 11:29-30 ). Karon ang bola naa sa iyang korte. Bisan kon ilang gidawat o gisalikway ang awtoridad ni Juan, sila kinahanglan nga mobuhat sa sama kang Jesus (Marcos 11:31-33).
— Samtang ang debate natapos sa usa ka panagtabla, si Jesus nagpadayon sa pag-atake. Gitandi ni Isaias ang Israel ngadto sa usa ka ubasan diin ang Dios “nagpaabut sa paghukom, ug tan-awa, ang pagkadautan; pagkamatarong, ug ania ang pagsinggit” (Isaias 5:1-7). Si Jesus migamit sa samang hulagway sa paghulagway sa kinaiya sa mga pangulo (Marcos 12:1-11). Nakita nila ang ilang kaugalingon nga gipakita sa sambingay, apan dili gusto nga tul-iron ang ilang pamatasan (Marcos 12:12).).
 Makadaot nga mga pangutana. Marcos 12:13-27.
— Aron mabitik si Jesus, ang mga Pariseo ug mga Herodianhon naghiusa. Andam pa gani sila sa pagdayeg kaniya, ug paghimo sa dayag nga pag-ila sa publiko sa iyang kahimtang isip magtutudlo (Marcos 12:13-14a).
— Ang pangutana klarong malisyoso (Marcos 12:14b). Ang pag-angkon nga kinahanglan silang magbayad ug buhis nagpasabut nga gikondena sila sa mga tawo. Ang pag-angkon nga dili sila angay mobayad ug buhis gikondenar sa Roma.
— Apan dili lamang siya nalingkawas gikan sa tanang panghimaraut, kondili iyang giklaro ang tinuod nga relasyon tali sa estado ug sa simbahan: “Ihatag kang Cesar ang mga butang nga iya ni Cesar, ug sa Diyos ang mga butang nga iya sa Diyos” (Marcos 12:15-17).
— Kadto maoy turno sa mga Saduseo sa paghimo kang Jesus nga kataw-anan. Migamit sila og sambingay nga sagad nilang gigamit sa pagbiaybiay sa mga Pariseo (Marcos 12:18–23). Gipadayag ni Jesus ang duha ka sayop nga ilang nahimo (Marcos 12:24-27):
(1) “ikaw walay alamag sa Kasulatan.” Sukwahi sa gipasabot sa iyang sambingay, ang Bibliya nagtudlo nga ang atong nabanhaw nga mga lawas dili sama sa atong nabatonan karon [“sila mahisama sa mga manulonda”]; ug nga ang kinabuhi human sa pagkabanhaw dili kay usa lamang ka pagpadayon niini [“dili usab sila magminyo ni ihatag sa kaminyoon”].
(2) “ikaw walay alamag…sa gahum sa Dios.” Ang Dios makahatag ug kinabuhi sa mga patay. Busa, sa atubangan Niya ang tanan nga midawat Kaniya buhi [“Ang Dios dili Dios sa mga patay, kondili Dios sa mga buhi”].
 Usa ka sinsero nga pangutana. Marcos 12:28-34.
— Karon kini usa ka eskriba nga misulod sa kontrobersiya. Apan, dili sama sa mga nangagi, kini nga usa nakakita kang Jesus nga usa ka tinuod nga magtutudlo nga angay nga makig-istorya (Marcos 12:28).
— Gitubag ni Jesus ang iyang pangutana bahin sa labing hinungdanong sugo, ug midugang ug “dugang”: ang ikaduhang labing hinungdanong sugo (Marcos 12:29-31).
— Kay nahinam sa panag-estorya, ang eskriba nagsumaryo sa tubag ni Jesus, ug midugang sa iyang kaugalingong konklusyon: “Ang paghigugma labaw pa sa tanang halad-nga-sinunog ug mga halad” (Marcos 12:32-33).
— Giila ni Jesus ang pagkasinsero sa tawo, ug gidapit siya sa paghimo sa lakang: duol ka... kinahanglan lang nga dawaton mo ako isip imong Manluluwas (Marcos 12:34a).
— Kon padayon sila nga mangutana kaniya, sa kataposan si Jesus makahimo sa pagkabig bisan sa mga eskriba ug mga Pariseo. Sa kaso lang, sila mihunong sa paghulhog kaniya (Marcos 12:34b).

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