Fascinating Impact Craters on Earth

12/20/2023

A relatively young crater, the Amguid Crater is the result of a meteor impact about 100,000 years ago. It is located in a remote area in southwestern Algeria.

The perfectly circular meteorite impact crater is 450 meter (1476 feet) in diameter and 30 meter (100 feet) deep. The top of the rim is covered by blocks of sandstones that are several meters in diameter. The center of the crater is flat, and is filled by compacted eolian silts.

12/20/2023

The Pingualuit Crater was created about 1.4 million years ago by a meteorite impact that had the force of 8500 Hiroshima-sized atomic bombs. The 3.44 km (2.14 miles) diameter crater rises 160 meters (520 feet) above the surrounding tundra and is 400 meter (1,300 feet) deep. The lake at the bottom of the crater has a depth of 270 meter (890 feet) and contains some of the purest water in the world.

The lake has no inlets or apparent outlets, so the water accumulates from rain and snow and is only lost through evaporation. The crater was discovered in 1943, by a US Air Force plane on a meteorological flight. Pingualuit means “where the land rises” in the local Inuit language

12/20/2023

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12/20/2023

12/18/2023

The Lonar Lake in Maharashtra, was formed about 50,000 years ago when a meteorite hit the surface. The saltwater lake that evolved in the resulting basaltic rock formation has a mean diameter of 1.2 kilometers (3,900 feet) and is about 137 meters (449 feet) below the crater rim.

Numerous temples surround the lake, most of which are in ruins, except for a temple of Daityasudan, at the center of the Lonar town, which was built in honor of Vishnu’s victory over the giant Lonasur. The crater itself is a fun trek and the surrounding vegetation is a treat for birdwatchers.

12/18/2023

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12/16/2023

Nearly a perfect circle, the Tenoumer Crater is 1.9 kilometers (1.2 miles) wide, and sports a rim 100 meters (330 feet) high. The crater is located in the western Sahara Desert, Mauritania. Modern geologists long debated what caused this crater, some of them favoring a volcano.

But closer examination of the structure revealed that the crater’s hardened “lava” was actually rock that had melted from a meteorite impact. This impact occurred roughly between 10,000 and 30,000 years ago.

12/16/2023

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12/14/2023

The Kaali Crater was created by a meteorite that reached the earth somewhere between the 4th and 8th century BC. At an altitude of about 5-10 km, the meteorite broke into pieces and fell to the Earth in fragments. The largest crater is about 110 meters wide and 22 meters deep. Within a 1 kilometer radius of the main crater lie 8 smaller craters that were created during this bombardment.

The entire forest of the Estonian island of Saaremaa most likely burned down as a result of the impact. The crater is part of many Estonian myths and stories. It is even possible that Saaremaa was the legendary Thule island, whereas the name “Thule” could have been connected to the Finnish word tule (“of fire”).