10/02/2023
ELECTRICITY DOES NOT FLOW THROUGH WIRES
Throw out what you think you know about electricity (and the more you know, the more you may be surprised by what you don’t know). It’s a fundamental part of the sector that we work in, but day-to-day, we rarely get involved with the physical aspects of generation, transmission and consumption, particularly at a fundamental level, and the detail will likely surprise you.
We are led to believe that electricity (the common term for electrical energy) flows through wires like water flows through a pipe, and that a light switch works like a tap. When the switch is turned on, electrons flow through the switch and the wire at the speed of light and through the light bulb, and this electron flow heats up the filament in the light bulb because of friction. The electrons originate at a power station and travel along high voltage transmission lines, through the power lines in the streets, and eventually into the wires in our house. The switch lets them keep moving through the wire to the light bulb. The electrons flow to the house in a positive wire, and either get used up like fuel, or return to the power station on a negative wire. The electrons get pushed along by the ones behind. Basically speaking, electrons = electricity.
That’s how it works, right? Where is the problem? No, that is not how it works. In fact, none of the above is true. None!
HERES THE REAL ANSWER
Or more correctly: Electricity flows through the space around the wires – through the air around the high voltage transmission lines, through the insulating plastic encasing the wires in your house (yes, through the plastic!), through the vacuum or gas inside the light bulb.